/*****************************************************************************/
/* */
/* FACTOR (a**p+b**p)/(a+b) */
/* 11/03/06 (dkc) */
/* */
/* This C program determines if a, b, a-b, p(a+b) (and not p) are pth powers*/
/* w.r.t. (a**p+b**p)/(a+b). p**2 must divide a, b, a-b, or a+b. */
/* */
/* Note: The least-residues modulo p**2 table is dependent on p. Modify */
/* the look-up table accordingly. */
/* */
/* The output is "(a<<16)|b, count" where "count" is the number of prime */
/* factors of [(a**p+b**p)/(a+b)]. */
/* */
/*****************************************************************************/
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "table12.h"
unsigned int lmbd(unsigned int mode, unsigned int a);
void bigprod(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, unsigned int c, unsigned int *p);
void bigbigd(unsigned int *a, unsigned int *b);
void differ(unsigned int *a, unsigned int *b);
void dummy(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, unsigned int c);
void bigbigs(unsigned int *addend, unsigned int *augend);
void hugeprod(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, unsigned int c, unsigned d,
unsigned int *e, unsigned int f);
void bigbigq(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, unsigned int c, unsigned int d,
unsigned int *e, unsigned int f, unsigned int g);
void bigresx(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, unsigned int c, unsigned int d,
unsigned int *e, unsigned int f);
void quotient(unsigned int *a, unsigned int *b, unsigned int c);
int main ()
{
//
// Note: The maximum "dbeg" value for p=3 is about 65000.
// The maximum "dbeg" value for p=5 is about 65000.
// The maximum "dbeg" value for p=7 is about 1000.
// The maximum "dbeg" value for p=11 is about 50.
//
unsigned int p=3; // input prime
unsigned int dbeg=2000; // starting "a" value
unsigned int dend=1; // ending "a" value
//unsigned int stop=165;
unsigned int sumdif=1; // select [(a**p+b**p)/(a+b)] if "sumdif" is non-zero
// or [(a**p-b**p)/(a-b)] otherwise
unsigned int ppower=1; // power of p factor of a+b
unsigned int correct=1;
// There is a small probability that (a**p+b**p)/(a+b) is not
// completely factored if "correct" is not set to 1.
unsigned int flag2=0; // if set, check if 2 is a pth power w.r.t (a^p+b^p)/(a+b)
unsigned int residue[2]={1,8}; // p=3
//unsigned int residue[4]={1,7,18,24}; // p=5
//unsigned int residue[6]={1,18,19,30,31,48}; // p=7
//unsigned int residue[10]={1,3,9,27,40,81,94,112,118,120}; // p=11
extern unsigned short table[];
extern unsigned int tmptab[];
extern unsigned int output[];
extern unsigned int error[];
extern unsigned int tmpsav;
extern unsigned int count;
unsigned int maxsiz=100000;
unsigned int tsize=1228;
unsigned int tmpsiz,iters;
unsigned int outsiz=199;
unsigned int save[16]; // solutions array
unsigned int savsiz=15; // size of solutions array minus one
unsigned int d,e,a,b,temp,ptemp;
unsigned int i,j,k,l,m;
unsigned int flag,flag0,limit;
unsigned int rem;
unsigned int S[2],T[2],U[2],V[2],W[2],X[3],Y[4],Z[4];
unsigned int ps;
unsigned int n=0;
unsigned int histo[500];
unsigned int histom[500],histop[500];
double sqrt2=1.4142135;
FILE *Outfp;
Outfp = fopen("out44.dat","w");
for (i=0; i<500; i++) {
histo[i]=0;
histom[i]=0;
histop[i]=0;
}
iters=0;
/*********************************/
/* extend prime look-up table */
/*********************************/
error[0]=0;
tmpsiz=0;
for (i=0; i<tsize; i++) {
j = (int)(table[i]);
if (((j-1)/p)*p==(j-1)) {
tmptab[tmpsiz] = j;
tmpsiz=tmpsiz+1;
}
}
for (d=9975; d<100000000; d++) {
if (((d-1)/p)*p!=(d-1))
continue;
if(d==(d/2)*2) continue;
if(d==(d/3)*3) continue;
if(d==(d/5)*5) continue;
if(d==(d/7)*7) continue;
if(d==(d/11)*11) continue;
if(d==(d/13)*13) continue;
if(d==(d/17)*17) continue;
if(d==(d/19)*19) continue;
/************************************************/
/* look for prime factors using look-up table */
/************************************************/
l = (int)(2.0 + sqrt((double)d));
k=0;
if (l>table[tsize-1]) {
error[0]=1;
goto bskip;
}
else {
for (i=0; i<tsize; i++) {
if (table[i] < l) k=i;
else break;
}
}
flag=1;
l=k;
for (i=0; i<=l; i++) {
k = table[i];
if ((d/k)*k == d) {
flag=0;
break;
}
}
if (flag==1) {
tmptab[tmpsiz]=d;
tmpsiz = tmpsiz + 1;
if (tmpsiz>=maxsiz)
break;
}
}
printf("size=%d, prime=%d \n",tmpsiz,tmptab[tmpsiz-1]);
tmpsav=tmpsiz;
limit=(tmptab[tmpsiz-1])>>16;
limit=limit*limit;
/***********************************/
/* factor (d**p + e**p)/(d + e) */
/***********************************/
ptemp=1;
for (i=0; i<ppower; i++)
ptemp=ptemp*p;
ps=p*p;
error[0]=0; // clear error array
error[1]=0;
error[2]=0;
error[3]=0;
count=0;
for (d=dbeg; d>=dend; d--) {
for (e=d-1; e>0; e--) {
// if (e!=stop) continue;
/******************************************/
/* check for common factors of d and e */
/******************************************/
if((d==(d/2)*2)&&(e==(e/2)*2)) continue;
if((d==(d/3)*3)&&(e==(e/3)*3)) continue;
if((d==(d/5)*5)&&(e==(e/5)*5)) continue;
if((d==(d/7)*7)&&(e==(e/7)*7)) continue;
/***********************/
/* Euclidean G.C.D. */
/***********************/
a=d;
b=e;
if (b>a) {
temp=a;
a=b;
b=temp;
}
loop: temp = a - (a/b)*b;
a=b;
b=temp;
if (b!=0) goto loop;
if (a!=1) continue;
/******************************************/
/* check if p^2 divides a, b, a+b, or a-b */
/******************************************/
if ((d/ps)*ps==d)
goto dskip;
if ((e/ps)*ps==e)
goto dskip;
if (((d-e)/ps)*ps==(d-e))
goto dskip;
if (((d+e)/ps)*ps!=(d+e))
continue;
/************************************/
/* compute (d**p + e**p)/(d + e) */
/************************************/
dskip:for (i=0; i<16; i++)
save[i]=0;
flag0=1;
Y[0]=0;
Y[1]=0;
Y[2]=0;
Y[3]=d;
for (i=0; i<p-1; i++)
hugeprod(Y[0], Y[1], Y[2], Y[3], Y, d);
Z[0]=0;
Z[1]=0;
Z[2]=0;
Z[3]=e;
for (i=0; i<p-1; i++)
hugeprod(Z[0], Z[1], Z[2], Z[3], Z, e);
if (sumdif==1) {
bigbigs(Y, Z);
temp=d+e;
if (((d+e)/p)*p==(d+e))
temp=temp*p;
bigbigq(Z[0], Z[1], Z[2], Z[3], Y, 0, temp);
}
else {
bigbigd(Y, Z);
temp=d-e;
if (((d-e)/p)*p==(d-e))
temp=temp*p;
bigbigq(Z[0], Z[1], Z[2], Z[3], Y, 0, temp);
}
S[0]=Y[2];
S[1]=Y[3];
W[0]=S[0];
W[1]=S[1];
/************************************************/
/* look for prime factors using look-up table */
/************************************************/
if (S[0]==0)
l = 32 - lmbd(1, S[1]);
else
l = 64 - lmbd(1, S[0]);
j=l-(l/2)*2;
l=l/2;
l = 1 << l;
if (j==1)
l=(int)(((double)(l))*sqrt2);
l=l+1;
flag=0;
if (l>tmptab[tmpsiz-1]) {
flag=1;
k=tmpsiz-1;
}
else {
k=0;
for (i=0; i<tmpsiz; i++) {
if (tmptab[i] < l) k=i;
else break;
}
}
m=0;
for (i=0; i<=k; i++) {
l = tmptab[i];
quotient(S, T, l);
V[0]=T[0];
V[1]=T[1];
bigprod(T[0], T[1], l, X);
if ((S[0]!=X[1]) || (S[1]!=X[2]))
continue;
if (((l-1)/ps)*ps!=(l-1))
goto askip;
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, d);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1)) {
goto askip;
}
aloop: S[0]=V[0];
S[1]=V[1];
save[m]=l;
if (m < savsiz) m=m+1;
else {
error[0]=3;
goto bskip;
}
quotient(S, T, l);
V[0]=T[0];
V[1]=T[1];
bigprod(T[0], T[1], l, X);
if ((S[0]==X[1]) && (S[1]==X[2])) goto aloop;
}
/***********************************************/
/* output prime factors satisfying criterion */
/***********************************************/
if ((S[0]!=0) || (S[1]!=1)) {
if ((flag==1) && (correct==1)) {
if (S[0]==0)
j = (32 - lmbd(1, S[1]));
else
j = (64 - lmbd(1, S[0]));
k=j-(j/2)*2;
j=j/2;
j = 1 << j;
if (k==1)
j=(int)(((double)(j))*sqrt2);
for (i=tmptab[tmpsiz-1]; i<j; i+=2*p) {
quotient(S, T, i);
bigprod(T[0], T[1], i, X);
if ((X[1]==S[0]) && (X[2]==S[1])) {
if (((i-1)/ps)*ps!=(i-1))
goto askip;
bigresx(0, (i-1)/p, 0, i, U, d);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1)) {
goto askip;
}
if (T[0]<=limit) { // largest prime in table is
S[0]=T[0]; // for p=7
S[1]=T[1];
save[m]=i;
if (m < savsiz) m=m+1;
else {
error[0]=3;
goto bskip;
}
goto cskip;
}
else {
error[0]=4;
goto bskip;
}
}
}
}
cskip: T[0]=0;
T[1]=1;
differ(S, T);
quotient(T, T, ps);
bigprod(T[0], T[1], ps, X);
T[0]=0;
T[1]=1;
differ(S, T);
if ((X[1]!=T[0]) || (X[2]!=T[1]))
goto askip;
quotient(T, T, p);
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, d);
if ((U[0]==0)&&(U[1]==1)) {
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, p);
if ((U[0]==0)&&(U[1]==1))
goto askip;
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, e);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (sumdif!=0)
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, d-e);
else
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, d+e);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (sumdif!=0)
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, ptemp*(d+e));
else
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, ptemp*(d-e));
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (flag2!=0) {
bigresx(T[0], T[1], S[0], S[1], U, 2);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
}
for (i=0; i<m; i++) {
l=save[i];
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, p);
if ((U[0]==0)&&(U[1]==1))
goto askip;
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, e);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (sumdif!=0)
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, d-e);
else
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, d+e);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (sumdif!=0)
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, ptemp*(d+e));
else
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, ptemp*(d-e));
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (flag2!=0) {
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, 2);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
}
}
if (p==3) {
i=(S[1]-1)/18;
if ((i<500)&&(S[0]==0)&&((S[1]&0x80000000)==0))
histo[i]=histo[i]+1;
for (i=0; i<m; i++) {
j=(save[i]-1)/18;
if (j<500)
histo[j]=histo[j]+1;
}
}
histom[m+1]=histom[m+1]+1;
if ((m==1)&&(S[1]==save[0]))
histop[2]=histop[2]+1;
if ((m==2)&&(S[1]==save[0])&&(S[1]==save[1]))
histop[3]=histop[3]+1;
if ((m==3)&&(S[1]==save[0])&&(S[1]==save[1])&&(S[1]==save[2]))
histop[4]=histop[4]+1;
if (((m>0)&&(p!=3))||((m>1)&&(p==3))) {
printf("d=%d, e=%d, m=%d, f=%d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d %#010x %#010x \n",d,e,m+1,save[0],save[1],save[2],save[3],save[4],save[5],S[0],S[1]);
if (iters<2000) {
fprintf(Outfp,"d=%d, e=%d, m=%d, f=%d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d %#010x %#010x \n",d,e,m+1,save[0],save[1],save[2],save[3],save[4],save[5],S[0],S[1]);
iters=iters+1;
}
}
if ((n+1)<outsiz) {
output[n]=((int)(d) << 16) | (int)(e);
output[n+1]=((m+1)<<16)|flag0;
n=n+2;
}
else
error[0]=6;
count=count+1;
V[0]=T[0]; // temporary
V[1]=T[1];
T[0]=S[0];
T[1]=S[1];
for (i=0; i<m; i++) {
bigprod(T[0], T[1], save[i], X);
T[0] = X[1];
T[1] = X[2];
}
if ((T[0]!=W[0]) || (T[1]!=W[1])) {
error[0]=7;
goto bskip;
}
if ((d/p)*p!=d) {
flag=0;
rem=d-(d/ps)*ps;
for (l=0; l<p-1; l++) {
if (rem==residue[l])
flag=1;
}
if (flag==0) {
error[1]=1;
error[2]=d;
error[3]=e;
goto bskip;
}
}
if (((e/p)*p!=e)) {
flag=0;
rem=e-(e/ps)*ps;
for (l=0; l<p-1; l++) {
if (rem==residue[l])
flag=1;
}
if (flag==0) {
error[1]=2;
error[2]=d;
error[3]=e;
goto bskip;
}
}
if ((((d+e)/p)*p!=(d+e))&&(((d-e)/p)*p!=(d-e))) {
flag=0;
if (sumdif==0)
rem=(d+e)-((d+e)/ps)*ps;
else
rem=(d-e)-((d-e)/ps)*ps;
for (l=0; l<p-1; l++) {
if (rem==residue[l])
flag=1;
}
if (flag==0) {
error[1]=3;
error[2]=d;
error[3]=e;
goto bskip;
}
}
}
else {
goto askip;
}
}
else {
for (i=0; i<m; i++) {
l=save[i];
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, p);
if ((U[0]==0)&&(U[1]==1))
goto askip;
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, e);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (sumdif!=0)
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, d-e);
else
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, d+e);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (sumdif!=0)
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, ptemp*(d+e));
else
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, ptemp*(d-e));
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
if (flag2!=0) {
bigresx(0, (l-1)/p, 0, l, U, 2);
if ((U[0]!=0)||(U[1]!=1))
goto askip;
}
}
if (p==3) {
for (i=0; i<m; i++) {
j=(save[i]-1)/18;
if (j<500)
histo[j]=histo[j]+1;
}
}
histom[m]=histom[m]+1;
if ((m==2)&&(save[0]==save[1]))
histop[2]=histop[2]+1;
if ((m==3)&&(save[0]==save[1])&&(save[0]==save[2]))
histop[3]=histop[3]+1;
if ((m==4)&&(save[0]==save[1])&&(save[0]==save[2])&&(save[0]==save[3]))
histop[4]=histop[4]+1;
if (((m>1)&&(p!=3))||((m>2)&&(p==3))) {
printf("d=%d, e=%d, m=%d, f=%d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d \n",d,e,m,save[0],save[1],save[2],save[3],save[4],save[5]);
if (iters<2000) {
fprintf(Outfp,"d=%d, e=%d, m=%d, f=%d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d \n",d,e,m,save[0],save[1],save[2],save[3],save[4],save[5]);
iters=iters+1;
}
}
if ((n+1)<outsiz) {
output[n]=((int)(d) << 16) | (int)(e);
output[n+1]=(m<<16)|flag0;
n=n+2;
}
else
error[0]=6;
count=count+1;
S[0]=0;
S[1]=1;
for (i=0; i<m; i++) {
bigprod(S[0], S[1], save[i], X);
S[0] = X[1];
S[1] = X[2];
}
if ((S[0]!=W[0]) || (S[1]!=W[1])) {
error[0]=7;
goto bskip;
}
if ((d/p)*p!=d) {
flag=0;
rem=d-(d/ps)*ps;
for (l=0; l<p-1; l++) {
if (rem==residue[l])
flag=1;
}
if (flag==0) {
error[1]=1;
error[2]=d;
error[3]=e;
goto bskip;
}
}
if (((e/p)*p!=e)) {
flag=0;
rem=e-(e/ps)*ps;
for (l=0; l<p-1; l++) {
if (rem==residue[l])
flag=1;
}
if (flag==0) {
error[1]=2;
error[2]=d;
error[3]=e;
goto bskip;
}
}
if ((((d+e)/p)*p!=(d+e))&&(((d-e)/p)*p!=(d-e))) {
flag=0;
if (sumdif==0)
rem=(d+e)-((d+e)/ps)*ps;
else
rem=(d-e)-((d-e)/ps)*ps;
for (l=0; l<p-1; l++) {
if (rem==residue[l])
flag=1;
}
if (flag==0) {
error[1]=3;
error[2]=d;
error[3]=e;
goto bskip;
}
}
}
askip:dummy(d,e,5);
}
}
bskip:
output[n]=-1;
fprintf(Outfp," error0=%d error1=%d asave=%d bsave=%d \n",error[0],error[1],
error[2],error[3]);
fprintf(Outfp," count=%d \n",(n+1)/2);
for (i=0; i<(n+1)/2; i++)
fprintf(Outfp," %#10x %#10x \n",output[2*i],output[2*i+1]);
if ((error[1]!=0)||(error[0]!=0))
printf(" error=%d, %d \n",error[0],error[1]);
printf("\n");
fprintf(Outfp,"\n");
for (i=0; i<500; i++)
fprintf(Outfp,"i=%d h=%d, %d, %d \n",i,histo[i],histom[i],histop[i]);
return(0);
}